The best stuff is the CakePHP manual. This material is very complete and very high explanatory
Something that complicates is that when you go deeper in the Framework a lot of this documentation is available in English only.
I advise you to initially use the cookbook tutorials
AuthComponent - It is a cakephp component for managing user sessions and permissions, providing functions for login, user profile access control.Conytrola identification and authorization.
find pro get, what is Entity and Table
Entity and table are the components of the model
In the table you define methods and properties for the table model, data validation, and object creation.
In the entity you model how the table entity will be treated itself
for example we can define in the entity which properties of the object will be sent to the view, are possible to be edited and which are not
get and find depends on class definition
but here I understood that it refers to the methods provided by the ORM of the cake for bank lookup.
The get does the search by ID only. or it always returns an object specific to that of the model.
Find allows the implementation of a search method, and can search for other properties of the object other than the id.
I hope I have helped