How to check the 4 vertical and horizontal elements in an array based on the current position?

Let's suppose I have an array like this:

$matrix = [[0, 1, 1, 0],
           [1, 1, 1, 0],
           [1, 0, 0, 0]];

Imagine that you are looping and capturing the position of this array as in the example below, y lines with my arrays and x the positions of each line (I do not know if this is correct):

<?php

 $data = getHierarchyMatrix(['x'=>2,'y'=>1], $matrix);

 echo '<pre>';
 print_r($data);
 function getHierarchyMatrix($currentXY, $matrix) {

    $currentX = $currentXY['x'];
    $currentY = $currentXY['y'];

    foreach ($matrix as $currentLine => $arrayLine) {

           if ($currentLine >= $currentY) {
              $previousY = ($currentLine-1);
              $nextY = ($currentLine+1);
              if (isset($matrix[$previousY])) {
                 $previousValueY = $matrix[$previousY];
              }
              if (isset($matrix[$currentLine+1])) {
                 $nextValueY = $matrix[$nextY];
              }

              foreach ($arrayLine as $current => $value) {
                  if ($current == $currentX) {
                      $currentValue = $value;
                      $previousX = ($current - 1);
                      if (isset($matrix[$current][$previousX])) {
                         $previousValueX = $matrix[$current][$previousX];
                      }
                      $nextX  = ($current + 1);
                      if (isset($matrix[$current][$nextX])) {
                         $nextValueX = $matrix[$current][$nextX];
                      }
                  }
              }
          }
      }

    return [
             'atual'    => $currentValue,
             'esquerda' => $previousValueX,
             'direita'  => $nextValueX,
             'em cima'  => $previousValueY,
             'em baixo' => $nextValueY
           ];
 }

The problem is basically taking the position x and y and the 4 elements that surround them, I do not know if I'm doing it right ... but I need to do the quadrant based on the current position, how could I do it? I do not think my method is very well worked out. Maybe there is some way to do this using some PHP function that I do not know, could anyone help me ... Its there methods that could help with this, such as:

$atual = current($array); 
$proximo = next($array);  
$anterior = prev($array); 
$ultimo = end($array);   

  

Note: I'll also need this formula for a JavaScript version