I'm working with Python image manipulation.
I came across a line of code like:
image[dst > 0.01 * dst.max()] = [0, 0, 255]
Being "image" and "dst" images.
What's inside the brackets "[]", indexing "image" is a condition for the pixel of that image? Will the assignment take effect when the condition is true?
It's a bit difficult to answer your question without context. However, I suppose these images are stored as vectors and numeric arrays.
If my assumption is correct, this is called "logical indexing," similar to what is offered by numpy (if not exactly the same thing).
I'll explain through an example using numpy. We start by creating a vector:
>>> import numpy as np
>>> l = [1,2,3,4]
>>> l
[1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> x = np.array(l)
>>> x
array([1, 2, 3, 4])
The vector and the list behave differently. It is noteworthy the following:
>>> l>2
True
>>> x>2
array([False, False, True, True], dtype=bool)
When you make a comparison between a vector and a number, the result is a logical vector with the value of the comparison for each vector element. This is true for more complex comparisons too:
>>> l%2==0
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for %: 'list' and 'int'
>>> x%2==0
array([False, True, False, True], dtype=bool)
And when you use a logical vector instead of the index of another vector, the result is a vector with all the elements corresponding to positions occupied by "True" in the logical vector:
>>> x[x>2]
array([3, 4])
>>> x[x%2==0]
array([2, 4])
Finally, when you make an assignment, this applies to the elements of the original vector:
>>> x[x%2==0] *= 10
>>> x
array([ 1, 20, 3, 40])
You can assign a list, and the values in the list are passed in order:
>>> x[x%2==1] = [-1,-3]
>>> x
array([-1, 20, -3, 40])
But the list must be the right size. That is, if you have n values that satisfy the condition and you pass a list, the list must have exactly n values:
>>> x[x%2==1] = [-1,-3, -5]
>>> x[x%2==0] = range(10, 150, 10)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: NumPy boolean array indexing assignment cannot assign 3 input values to the 2 output values where the mask is true
>>> x = np.array(range(15))
>>> x[x%2==0] = [-1,-3]
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: NumPy boolean array indexing assignment cannot assign 2 input values to the 8 output values where the mask is true
What your code snippet does is equivalent to that. Putting in words: the positions of the vector image corresponding to the positions of the vector dst where the value is greater than 1% of the maximum of this vector receive the values [0,0,255].
As this looks like a trio of RGB values, I imagine that what is happening is not exactly the same as assigning a list to a vector. More likely than dst pixels that satisfy the condition will correspond to blue pixels in image .