There is a possible solution that can help you.
Assuming you record in the database all submissions that are made, in a envios
table that contains, for example:
+--------+--------+
|idEnvio | status |
+--------+--------+
| 15 | 0 |
| 16 | 1 |
| 17 | 2 |
+--------+--------+
Where 0 = E-mail waiting to be sent, 1 = E-mail sent, 2 = E-mail read
On your server, create a page that receives the message to change in the database, for example:
alteraStatus.php
<?php
$idEnvio = $_GET["idEnvio"];
mysql_query("UPDATE envios SET status = 2 WHERE idEnvio = {$idEnvio}");
?>
In the body of your email, insert an image pointing to this page, for example:
<img src="http://seudominio.com.br/alteraStatus.php?idEnvio=16"class="imgEnvio"/>
Preferably, leave this image with width and height cleared.
img.imgEnvio{width:0; height: 0; border: 0}
So when the recipient opens the email, they will make a request to your page that will change the status of the submission.
However, if the user's email client is configured to block the message images, this solution will not work.