What languages could I simply create a program, send it to someone else and run it without having to install it? For example Java requires previously installed software to run.
If no such language exists, then would it be possible to create a type of 'auto-download'? For example, I send a file to someone, it opens the file, it downloads the necessary files, and then runs the program? Is this possible in any language?
I need to run on Linux and Windows.
Almost all compiled languages are exactly like this, you create the program, compile, generate an executable and you can send it to the person.
Whether you are going to have to install this executable or not is something else. After all certain applications are complex, they require an interaction with the operating system that can not only execute a binary file sent. Also, even if you can do it this way, you may need some files, even if you do not need an installation, do not just send a simple file.
What is possible is to generate a simple executable that will install it for you in your own way. You can do this in virtually any language, with more or less facilities. In most cases it does not compensate, although I like this technique for certain applications. Some languages have something more or less ready for this.
Interpreted languages often require an installed interpreter. One of them has an interpreter on almost every computer (embedded in the browser), the JavaScript .
Some compiled languages require a pre-installed runtime environment, such as Java and C # . C # uses the .Net environment that almost every Windows has installed, porting would execute directly. But C # already has the ability to generate independent executable, even without the presence of .Net and running on platforms other than Windows. This applies to VB.Net as well.
There are at least two languages I know that use a technique similar to the one about C #. Moon (with some manual effort) and Harbour (
